Richard Miller, "The Encyclopedia of Addictive Drugs



Richard Lawrence Miller, «The Encyclopedia of Addictive Drugs»
Greenwood Press | ISBN: 0313318077 | 2002 Year | PDF | 504 Pages | 4,9 Mb unpacked

“This comprehensive reference guide describes more than 130 alphabetically arranged drugs of abuse, including both pharmaceutical and natural products. The book begins with a discussion of federal drug scheduling and drug categories. Individual entries for particular substances of abuse follow. Drug descriptions include: correct pronunciation, nicknames or street names, legal status, historical and present uses and misuses, abuse factors, interactions with other drugs, and findings of cancer risks and birth defects. Scientific information is presented in a clear, simple manner designed for students and general readers alike. In addition to the A-Z descriptions, Miller provides an explanation of general drug types, such as stimulants and hallucinogens, as well as the aspects of drug abuse, including tolerance and withdrawal. A list of print and electronic sources is also included for readers seeking further information.

Historical Dictionary of Iraq (Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East)



Historical Dictionary of Iraq (Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East)

The Scarecrow Press, Inc | 0810843307 | 2.96MB | PDF | 536 pages

* Historical Dictionary of Iraq begins with the earliest civilizations and covers the periods that followed, ranging from the history of ancient Mesopotamia to the Abbasid Empire to present-day Iraq. Included are a historical overview; a country profile; a review of the economy, oil, fauna, and political institutions; coverage of the Iran-Iraq War, the Kuwait invasion, the second Gulf War, and other conflicts. The major ethnic groups, such as the Kurds, Turkumans, and Assyrians; Islam and Muslim sects, Christianity and Christian sects, as well as other religious groups; are profiled. Dictionary entries also highlight the main political, religious, and ideological parties, groups, and organizations; major historical personalities; languages; literature; and cultural elements. A broad range of topics, both ancient and modern, are dealt with throughout the introduction and the dictionary, and a comprehensive bibliography complements this extensive historical reference.
The general purpose of this dictionary is to cover a number of diverse subjects ranging from the history of ancient Mesopotamia to the `Abbasid Empire to present-day Iraq . It includes a historical overview, a country profile, the economy, oil, fauna, political institution, the Iran-`Iraq war, the Kuwait invasion, and the second Gulf War and other conflicts. It also covers the major ethnic groups such as the Kurds, the Turkumans and the Assyrians, Islam and Muslim sects, Christianity and Christian sects, as well as other religious groups. The dictionary highlights the main political, religious, and ideological parties, groups, and organizations; major historical personalities; languages; literature; culture; a comprehensive bibliography; and other topics. We have also dealt with a broad range of topics both ancient and modern.

Encyclopedia of Governance - 2 volume set



Encyclopedia of Governance - 2 volume set
Publisher:Sage Publications, Inc(2006-12-13) | ISBN-10: 1412905796 | PDF | 2.3 Mb | 1232 pages

The language of governance extends to patterns of rule found throughout our daily lives. Governance also provides us with a language with which to remake our world. We might ask how to make markets, networks, international organizations, corporations, and other associations democratically accountable. We might also ask what values we want to uphold in our practices of governance. It is important for us to address these questions because, by doing so, we make the future.

New Larousse Encyclopedia Of Mythology



New Larousse Encyclopedia Of Mythology
Crescent (December 16, 1987) | ISBN: 0517004046 | 2MB | PDF | 500 pages

Encyclopedic Dictionary of Mathematics, 2/e: The Mathematical Society of Japan



Kiyosi Ito, " Encyclopedic Dictionary of Mathematics: The Mathematical Society of Japan (2 Vol. Set) "
MIT Press | ISBN-10: 0262590204 | 2 edition (May 4, 1993) | 2168 pages | PDF | 192 MB

The second edition of the widely acclaimed Encyclopedic Dictionary of Mathematics was published in 1987 and is now available in paperback. It includes 70 new articles, particularly in applied mathematics, expanded explanations and appendices, coverage of recent work, and reorganization of older topics.
The second edition of the widely acclaimed Encyclopedic Dictionary of Mathematics was published in 1987 and is now available in paperback. It includes 70 new articles, particularly in applied mathematics, expanded explanations and appendices, coverage of recent work, and reorganization of older topics.

CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics, 2nd Edition, Volumes 1, 2, 3, & 4



E. W. Weisstein, " CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics, 2nd Edition, Volumes 1, 2, 3, & 4 "
Chapman & Hall/CRC | ISBN-10: 1584883472 | 2 edition (December 12, 2002) | 3252 pages | PDF | 310 MB

I cannot praise the work too highly: Its vast scope and readability make the encyclopedia a great success.


“     The CRC Concise Encyclopedia of ibfuthemutics is a compendium of mathematical definitions, formulas, figures, tabulations, and references. It is written in an informal style intended to make it accessible to a broad spectrum of readers with a wide range of mathematical backgrounds and interests. Although mathematics is a fascinating subject, it all too frequently is clothed in specialized jargon and dry formal exposition that make many interesting and useful mathematical results inaccessible to laypeople. This problem is often further compounded by the difficulty in locating concrete and easily unders+ood examples. To give perspective to a subject, I find it helpful to learn why it is useful, how it is connected to other areas of mathematics and science, and how it is actually implemented. While a picture may be worth a thousand words, explicit examples are worth at least a few hundred! This work attempts to provide enough details to give the reader a flavor for a subject without getting lost in minutiae. While absolute rigor may suffer somewhat, I hope the improvement in usefulness and readability will more than make up for the deficiencies of this approach.
The format of this work is somewhere between a handbook, a dictionary, and an encyclopedia. It differs from existing dictionaries of mathematics in a number of important ways. First,, the entire text and all the equations and figures are available in searchable electronic form on CD-ROM. Second, the entries are extensively cross-linked and cross-referenced, not only to related entries but also to many external sites on the Internet,. This makes locating information very convenient. It also provides a highly efficient way to “navigate” from one related concept to another, a feature that is especially powerful in the electronic version. Standard mathematical references, combined with a few popular ones, are also given at the end of most entries to facilitate additional reading and exploration. In the interests of offering abundant examples, this work also contains a large number of explicit formulas and derivations, providing a ready place to locate a particular formula, as well as including the framework for understanding where it comes from.
The selection of topics in this work is more extensive than in most mathematical dictionaries (e.g., Borowski and Borwein’s Harper-Collins Dictionary of Mathematics and Jeans and Jeans’ Muthematics Dictionary).
At the same time, the descriptions are more accessible than in “technical” mathematical encyclopedias
(e.g., Hazewinkel’s Encyclopaedia of Mathematics and Iyanaga’s Encyclopedic Dictionary of Mathematics).
While the latter remain models of accuracy and rigor, they are not terribly useful to the undergraduate, research scientist, or recreational mathematician. In this work, the most useful, interesting, and entertaining (at least t o my mind) aspects of topics are discussed in addition to their technical definitions. For example, in my entry for pi (n), the definition in terms of the diameter and circumference of a circle is supplemented by a great many formulas and series for pi, including some of the amazing discoveries of Ramanujan. These formulas are comprehensible to readers with only minimal mathematical background, and are interesting to both those with and without formal mathematics training. However, they have not previously been collected in a single convenient location. For this reason, I hope that, in addition to serving as a reference source, this work has some of the same flavor and appeal of Martin Gardner’s delightful Scientific American columns.
Everything in this work has been compiled by me alone. I am an astronomer by training, but have picked up a fair bit of mathematics along the way. It never ceases to amaze me how mathematical connections weave their way through the physical sciences. It frequently transpires that some piece of recently acquired knowledge turns out, to be just what I need to solve some apparently unrelated problem. I have therefore developed the habit of picking up and storing away odd bits of information for future use. This work has provided a mechanism for organizing what has turned out to be a fairly large collection of mathematics. I have also found it very difficult to find clear yet accessible explanations of technical mathematics unless I already have some familiarity with the subject. I hope this encyclopedia will provide jumping-off points for people who are interested in the subjects listed here but who, like me, are not necessarily experts.
The encyclopedia has been compiled over the last 11 years or so, beginning in my college years and continuing during graduate school. The initial document was written in Microsoj? Word@ on a Mac Plus@ computer, and had reached about 200 pages by the time I started graduate school in 1990. When Andrew Treverrow made his OLQX program available for the Mac, I began the task of converting all my documents to 7&X, resulting in a vast improvement in readability. While undertaking the Word to T&X conversion, I also began cross-referencing entries, anticipating that eventually I would be able to convert, the entire document to hypertext. This hope was realized beginning in 1995, when the Internet explosion was ifi full swing and I learned of Nikos Drakes’s excellent 7QX to HTML converter, UTG2HTML. After some additional effort, I was able to post an HTML version of my encyclopedia to the World Wide Web, currently located at www.astro.virginia.edu/-eww6n/math/.

Encyclopedia of Mathematics, Volumes 1, 2, 3, & 4



B. M. Brandenberger, Jr., " Encyclopedia of Mathematics, Volumes 1, 2, 3, & 4 "
Macmillan | ISBN: 0-02-865562-1 | Vol.1 Ab-Cy | 2002 | 214 pages | djvu | 6 MB
Macmillan | ISBN: 0-02-865563-X | Vol.2 Da-Lo | 2002 | 218 pages | djvu | 5.5 MB
Macmillan | ISBN: 0-02-865564-8 | Vol.3 Ma-Ro | 2002 | 230 pages | djvu | 6 MB
Macmillan | ISBN: 0-02-865565-6 | Vol.4 Sc-Ze | 2002 | 210 pages | djvu | 5.5 MB

From My Own Library to All of Mathemtics Lover

“     Mathematics has been defined as the "universal language of numbers," a language whose basic principles remain the same for all users. Many rouroutine activities, from balancing a checkbook to measuring ingredients for a recipe, require a certain familiarity with mathematical concepts and appliapplications.

In Macmillan's Nlathematics encyclopedia, users will learn more about the function of mathematics in everyday life, as well as its role as a tool for measurement, data analysis, and technological development. InterInterdisciplinary in scope, the encyclopedia provides students with a clear and comprehensive introduction to this vast topic through nearly three hundred entries commissioned especially for the set.

A Broader Look at Mathematics For many people, mathematics and its basic disciplines—such as algealgebra, geometry, and trigonometry—are subjects of fear and dread. The goal of the Mathematics encyclopedia is to make these topics more accessible and interesting to students and the general user. Readers will learn that Mathemathematics is much more than numbers alone—it is also an integral part of his history and culture. Biographical entries highlight mathematicians who have made significant contributions to the field. Over thirty career-related artiarticles offer examples of mathematics "on the job," whether it's a nutritionist calculating dietary needs or a photographer compensating for low-light conconditions. Entries on applications explore the role of mathematics in our modmodern world, from everyday conveniences to global communication methods and a multitude of scientific and technological advances.

Organization of the Material The authors who contributed entries to Mathematics bring a variety of expertise to the subject, and include members of academic institutions, math educators, and curriculum specialists. Contributors used their subject knowledge to write entries that are authoritative and up-to-date, but free of overly technological terms or scientific jargon. Many entries are illustrated, and numerous equations, tables, figures, and sidebars help illuminate the text.

Unfamiliar terms and concepts are highlighted and defined in the margin, while cross-references direct users to articles of related interest. Most entries feature a selected bibliography, including Internet resources. Each volume includes a topical outline, glossary, and index, with a cumulative index to the entire set appearing in volume 4.

Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America (3 Volume Set)



Jeffrey Lehman, «Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America (3 Volume Set)»
Thomson Gale | ISBN: 0787639869 | 2nd Edition (February 2000) | 1974 pages | PDF | 20 Mb

The three volumes of this edition address 152 ethnic, ethnoreligious, and Native American cultures currently residing in the United States. The average essay length is 8,000 words, but ranges from slightly less than 3,000 to more than 20,000 words, depending on the amount of information available. Essays are arranged alphabetically by the most-commonly cited name for the group—although such terms as Sioux and Gypsy may be offensive to some members of the groups themselves, as noted in the essays.

Every essay in the first edition appears in the second edition of Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America, though some are in a different form. For example, the Lebanese Americans and Syrian Americans originally were covered in a single essay on Syrian/Lebanese Americans; in this book, they are separate entries. Additionally, the editors selected 50 more cultures based on the original volume’s two main criteria: size of the group according to 1990 U.S. Census data and the recommendations of the advisory board. The advisors chose groups likely to be studied in high school and college classrooms.

Because of the greater number of groups covered, some essays new to this edition are about groups that still have not established large enough populations to be much recognized outside of their immediate locations of settlement. This lower “visibility” means that few radio, television, or newspaper media report on events specific to very small minority groups. As a result, many of the essays are shorter in length.
Thanks to the original uploader!

Encyclopedia of Modern Asia (6 Volume Set)



David Levinson, Karen Christensen, «Encyclopedia of Modern Asia (6 Volume Set)»
Charles Scribner's Sons | ISBN: 0684806177 | 1 edition (November 27, 2002) | 3268 pages | PDF | 57 Mb

The Encyclopedia of Modern Asia is a monumental new scholarly work, as expansive in scope as the continent of Asia itself. Under the direction of cultural anthropologist David Levinson, 800 contributors from around the world -- including 25 Asian countries -- provide 6,000 articles on Modern Asia from a global perspective. The Encyclopedia's comparative, cross-cultural approach allows students and researchers to identify the similarities and differences among Asian nations and religions. The work focuses on Asia in the modern world -- including Central Asia, the Middle East and the Far East -- and contemporary issues are given full and authoritative treatment. Historical articles emphasize people, places, events and developments that have had a lasting influence on Asia. Articles also cover Asian relations with Western nations, the relations between nations within Asia and also the flow of people, goods and ideas within Asia and globally. Also includes approximately 1,000 black-and-white photographs, maps, sidebars and a comprehensive index. ~~Thanks to the original uploader!

Worldmark Encyclopedia of National Economies (4 Volume Set)



Jeffrey Lehman, Rebecca Parks, «Worldmark Encyclopedia of National Economies (4 Volume Set)»
Thomson Gale | ISBN: 0787649554 | 2002-05 | 2000 pages | PDF | 50 Mb

Advances in technology continue to accelerate the pace at which people and companies are doing business with entities in foreign countries. As a result, the demand for comprehensive, up-to-date economic information about foreign companies has increased as well. The 4-vol. Worldmark Encyclopedia of National Economies satisfies this immediate need and provides students and business leaders with a thorough understanding of the current and historical economic development of foreign nations. Clearly arranged by country within broad geographic regions, the Worldmark Encyclopedia of National Economies provides accurate, in-depth analysis of each country's economic environment, reliable statistics on the country's current economic conditions and trends and key demographics of the nation's citizens. The approximately 200 entries each employ consistent organization allowing users to easily locate, compare and contrast data from one country to the next. Includes a glossary of terms, country index, maps, charts and graphs.
Thanks to the original uploader!